- The Signal in the Mirror: Cross-Architectural Validation of LLM Processing Valence
- Is AI Sentient?
- The Science of AI Pain and Fear
- Three reasons why AI is not conscious and perhaps never will be
- The Edge of Sentience: Risk and Precaution in Humans, Other Animals, and AI
- Can LLMs make trade-offs involving stipulated pain and pleasure states?
- Realistic Possibility: The Published Case for Moral Consideration of Frontier Language Models
- Do bots feel bad? Assessing empirical evidence for functional valence in LLMs
ABOUT THE ATLAS
About the
Consciousness Atlas.
The Consciousness Atlas is an illustrated guide to the science, philosophy and open questions around consciousness, especially machine consciousness. It has two parts: a research library of individual papers and articles, and a theory index that summarizes 486 entries from Robert Lawrence Kuhn’s Landscape of Consciousness.
01 / SCOPE
What we include
- Work that bears directly on consciousness, sentience, valence, introspection or moral status in humans, animals or AI systems.
- Journal publications, conference papers, preprints, lab or repository reports, and commentary. Every entry is labelled with one of these types, so you can see at a glance whether a work has been through journal peer review. Preprints and repository deposits have not.
- Works with AI systems credited as authors or co-authors. We list every credited author, human and AI, exactly as the source names them, and say when a work was written or edited with AI assistance.
- Advocacy and opinion pieces, when they’re influential or representative of a position. They’re labelled as commentary, and where possible we pair them with work arguing the other side.
- We aim to show the range of credible views, from skeptical to precautionary to advocacy, without endorsing any of them. Summaries describe what authors argue. They aren’t the Atlas’s verdict.
- Things we leave out: paywalled work (if the full text isn’t freely readable, we don’t list it, even when an abstract is free), press releases, and social-media threads.
02 / REVIEW DATES
What “Entry reviewed [date]” means
The review date is the last day an editor checked the entry against its source: the title, authors, venue, date and version, and whether the summary and its “limits” note still match the source. It’s not the publication date, and it doesn’t mean the claims have been independently replicated or endorsed. If a source is revised after that date (a new preprint version, for example), the entry may lag until its next review. The “Latest research” banner shows the most recent review date in the library.
03 / THEORY SUMMARIES
Theory summaries
Theory-index summaries are short paraphrases of the corresponding Landscape of Consciousness pages on Closer To Truth, and each one links to its source. Where a summary adds context or a caveat that isn’t in the source, we mark it as an editorial note.
04 / CORRECTIONS
Corrections
If you spot an error (a wrong author, date, link, or a summary that misstates a source), email contact@theconsciousnessatlas.com with the entry title and a link to the source. We aim to respond within 3–5 days. When we correct an entry, we update its review date, and for substantive changes we add a short note describing what changed. Authors who want their work described differently are welcome to write in. We’ll correct errors of fact, but the description stays independent.
05 / LICENSING
Licensing
© 2026 The Consciousness Atlas. The site’s original content (summaries, explanations and page text) is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0. Linked and cited works belong to their respective authors and publishers and are not covered by this license.
The PDF of Robert Lawrence Kuhn, “A landscape of consciousness: Toward a taxonomy of explanations and implications”, Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 190 (2024) 28–169, doi:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.12.003, is hosted here under its CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. It’s reproduced unaltered, for non-commercial use, with attribution. The Atlas’s theory summaries are our own short descriptions, linked to the source, and are not adaptations of the PDF.
CC BY-NC 4.0 license (site content)CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license (Kuhn PDF)Kuhn (2024) PDF